Grounding, electromagnetic fields, interference and lightning. Calculationofimportantdesignparametersforgroundingsystemsi. An introduction to grounding calculations and why they are necessary. A grounding system design requires several iterations before obtaining a safe configuration.
Calculationofimportantdesignparametersforgroundingsystemsinsu. The earthing system, sometimes simply called earthing, is the total set of measures used to connect an electrically conductive part to earth. Design and analysis of substation grounding grid with and. Ground grid systems software ground grid design ieee. It uses a rigorous mathematical formulations derived from the complete set of maxwells equations, numerically solved. Using software programs to model grounding systems and perform analysis is. Important formulas for designing a substation grid earthing system. Grounding analysis and design software advanced power concepts. Milan asks, i am trying to understand how to design a substation grounding system and fault current is something i am not getting. Keywordsgenetic algorithm, optimum grounding grid design, power system analysis. Modules of the developed software tool were used to conduct some calculations which are typical for designing of the grounding systems. The cdegs software package current distribution, electromagnetic fields, grounding and soil structure analysis is a powerful set of integrated engineering software tools designed to accurately analyze problems involving grounding earthing, electromagnetic fields, electromagnetic interference including acdc interference mitigation studies and. Pdf improvement of electrical grounding system using bentonite. Using software programs to model grounding systems and perform analysis is now standard for all but the simplest grounding.
The autogrounddesign software package is the only fully automated software tool that can analyze and design grounding systems without the intervention of the. The autogrounddesign package performs automated analyses of grounding earthing systems of any arbitrary perimeter and identifies an economical grid configuration complying with userdefined safety criteria that can be used as the design for grounding grids that are electrically small enough to be considered equipotential. An introduction to grounding calculations and why they are. Online calculator for calculating earthing system this online calculator will help you to quickly and accurately perform the calculation parameters of the grounding system in the twolayer soil, consisting of vertical earthing.
Also, calculation procedure of potential distribution of the complex grounding system, grounding system resistance, distribution of touch and step voltage by using a computer are presented. It may be used to make a new design for new grids or to optimize and enhance an existing one of any shape. System grounding and earthing types analysis software etap. Neplan grounding, electromagnetic fields, interference. Practical guide to electrical grounding systems and applications the choice of earthing to one point on each system is designed to prevent the passage of current through the earth under normal conditions, and thus to avoid the accompanying risks of electrolysis and.
Practical guide to electrical grounding systems and applications. Ground enhancement material gem is a superior conductive material that solves your toughest grounding problems by reducing earth resistance and impedance measurements. It is difficult to account for the large number of variables e. Neplan grounding, electromagnetic fields, interference and lightning analysis xg slab over and under ground system laboratory. It is also useful for magnetic field and electromagnetic interference evaluations. These include things such as problems in tripping tolerance, polarity issues and neutral connections to ground. Today, i will explain the sixth method of grounding design.
Ladanyi, ef fect o f resistance to earth improvement on performance of pole. The earthing system is an essential part of power networks at both high and lowvoltage levels. Multigroundz plus, rightofway pro, sestlc pro, sesenviroplus and sesshield3d software packages. Software products ses india grounding, earthing, software. Power system grounding fault conditions, with safety analysis electrically small grounding systems i. Grounding design calculations part seventeen electrical. List all data that must be known in the starting of grounding system design calculations for ac substation, facilitate the design process by using the auto excel mathematical functions in performing the. Is a module for earth grid calculation and design in the frequency domain, including soil analysis and represents the state of the art of grounding software. Design of earthing grounding system in a substation grid.
The resulting earthing types are displayed both on the one line diagram and for the various connected cables. This paper presents mathematical models on which developed software tool for calculation of the grounding system parameters is based. Grounding system grid calculation data dimensions m2 burial depth m cond. Our applications engineering team uses an integrated grounding system analysis program called winigs for these evaluations. The result of the design is highly complying with ieee 802000 standard requirements. The question of how a system shall be earthed is governed by the regulation. Is also useful for magnetic field and electromagnetic interference evaluations. Advanced grounding concepts grounding analysis and.
The values of these parameters have to be kept within certain established emits, keeping. Ses offers the most powerful software packages in the industry. September 1618, 2020 power distribution system grounding and transients. Guide to grounding systems electrical engineering portal. Grounding design calculations part nine electrical knowhow. How to calculate the size of a grounding conductor sciencing. The purpose of this paper is to bring a brief compilation of grounding system calculation using the methodology of ieee 802000 standard and simulated by. In order to properly perform their function, grounding system should have low resistance, thus limiting the potential values at the ground surface during the highest values of fault currents. After modelling the area, we will engineer an electrical grounding system design that will meet your performance objectives. The tools either come as standalone packages or plugin modules to power system analysis software such as ptws groundmat or etaps ground grid design assessment. So, if the primary side of your 11kv433v transformer were to fault, the fault current would enter your substations protective earthing system, travel through the earthsoil many kilometers to wherever the source transformer is located, and up that transformers protective earthing system. Gsa grounding system analysis for many practical low frequency.
A grounding system or earthing system is a protection system for electrical installations that connects parts of them with the conductive surface of the earth. Earthing mat design for a power substation ms excel. Video an introduction to grounding calculations and why they are necessary. A grounding system analysis will determine if your equipment has proper ground fault protection installed and operating.
This is a discussion of the basic principles behind grounding systems and how grounding is related to safety and the effective operation of circuit protection devices such as fuses and circuit breakers. Power systems analysis and simulation software are ubiquitous in electrical engineering practice. A grounding design starts with a site analysis, collection of geological data, and soil resistivity of the area. For example, for a small substation with some transformers, if there is a fault in the system how will the fault current flow into the grounding system. The cdegs software package current distribution, electromagnetic fields, grounding and soil structure analysis and its various subpackages have been designed to analyze problems involving electromagnetic fields, electromagnetic interference, and grounding with a global perspective, starting literally from the ground up. Today, i will explain the sixth method of grounding design calculations. Computer software packages can be used to assist in earthing grid design by modeling and simulation of different earthing grid configurations. Xgslab is one of the most powerful software for grounding system analysis, electromagnetic fields, interference and lightning analysis and the only software on the market that takes into account both en and ieee standards. How to calculate fault current in electrical substation. The general purpose of earthing system is to protect life and property in the event of 5060 hz faults shortcircuit and transient phenomena lightning, switching operations. Gsa grounding system analysis for regular application applicable in most practical. Groundingearthing and lightning analysis software i have been approached by the electrical manager of my company if i had any desire in become the group grounding and lightning subject matter expert. Interact tragsys alows full interaction with the grounding system, enabling the. A grounding conductor connects an electrical system to a grounding grounding electrode with reference to earth.
Xgslab over and under ground system laboratory is one of the most powerful software packages for grounding system analysis, electromagnetic fields, interference and lightning analysis and the only software on the market that takes into account both en and ieee. Ground grid systems software ground grid design ieee 80. Grounding analysis for utility scale photovoltaic power plant. Analysis results, corresponding to a specific device, can be displayed by double clicking on the device drawing. The grounding system studies will detect any installation or calibration errors in your grounding system. Earthing system is made of a mesh of buried bare copper cable, with additional earth rods, and shall be calculated, being recommended to use ieee std.
I welcome any article or softyware from grounding calculation. List all data that must be known in the starting of grounding system design. Fast analysis of irregular largescale renewable ground grid application. Grounding systems analysis software tragsys is computer software designed for analysis of low and high frequency, as well as the transient behavior of grounding structures. Introduction in designing and construction of an electric substation, one of the most important issues that must be considered is designing of protective system to the earth.
Initially, they were used to quickly solve the nonlinear load flow problem and calculate short circuit currents, but their use has been extended to many other areas such as power system stability, protection and coordination, contingency. The grounding system geometric data are edited via the ground editor, which displays the grounding system as a scaled drawing, either in top, side, or perspective views. Sep, 2017 an introduction to grounding calculations and why they are necessary. An important aspect of substation grounding system design is the calculation of the ground resistance offered by the grounding grid, and the values of the mesh and step voltages on the surface. Easypower is partnering with the industryleading grounding and emi analysis expert company, sint ingegneria, which offers a software package to analyze and design grounding, lightning and electromagnetic interference problems by focusing on its powerful and yet affordable grounding analysis software packages, xgslab.
D static power converter for devices such as rectifiers and inverters, the system grounding is determined by the grounding of the output stage of the converter. By using online earthing calculators in articles grounding design calculations part seven and grounding design calculations part eight. Principles of electrical grounding john pfeiffer, p. C transformer the system grounding on the system fed by the transformer is determined by the transformer secondary winding configuration. Effective design in substation grounding should have low ground resistance with tolerable step and touch voltage limit 23. Twolayer soil model for power station grounding system. As the experts in electrical grounding solutions, we use specialized design software to model and build an electrical grounding system design based on the soil data, design goals, and other factors.
The results provide useful information for the design and the behavior of a grounding system, encased either in bentonite or in conductive concrete under lightning impulse currents, as well as for. Find the current rating of the circuit breaker or over current device associated the electrical system you are looking to ground. The cymgrd software is a substation grounding grid design and analysis program specially developed to help engineers optimize the design of new grids and reinforce existing grids, of any shape, by virtue of easy to use, builtin danger point evaluation facilities. Groundingearthing design package for large substations, power plants, hvdc substations and electrode design, solar power plants and hydroelectric power plants.
This calculation is based primarily on the guidelines provided by ieee std 80 2000, guide for safety in ac substation grounding. Grounding grid dimensioning for electrical substations, primary and secondary transmission and distribution, telecommunications, lightning protection and lowvoltage installation with over 25 years of development, tecat plus is the best cost benefit solution on the market, with full numerical calculations in 4 layer soil one of the best in. If ground resistance is r 5 ohms, i have to provide extra ground wires and extra ground rods. The canadian software cymgrd allows to perform soil resistivity measurement interpretations, elevation of ground potential rise and danger point evaluation within any area of interest. Safety analysis including surface materials, based on body weight and exposure time. Whether you are confronted with a complex grounding design, emf studies, electromagnetic compatibility and interference problems or a lightningsurge study, you can rely on the accuracy, effectiveness and integrity of our applications for a realistic, optimized solution. Ability to analyze the potential rise for each grounding system including neighboring passive grids or rods. Imagine a wind farm producing electricity, the substation seen around the 17s mark distributes the power generated, at around the 27s mark a fault occurs, at the 30s mark a color is emitted from the ground this is where groundingearthing analysis software can determine step and touch voltages.
The size, shape, and position of any ground electrode can be altered using the mouse or by numeric entry. August 2528, 2020 integrated grounding system design and testing. Pdf improvement of electrical grounding system using. Earthing mat design for substation spreadsheet photo by input fields as per ansiieee std 801986 code. Soil measurement data based on wenner fourpin method. Utility scale systems 5 mw or greater present several challenges for properly designing grounding system for personnel protection concerns. It serves as a foundational grounding point for buildings or large commercial sites.
Home download center electrical software earthing mat design for substation. This discussion, given by david lewis, pe, grounding and power systems at easypower, highlights some of these challenges and provide methodologies to accurately assess the grounding system performance with regard to ieee std 80. October 2023, 2020 power system relaying theory and application. Software tool for grounding system design springerlink. Gsa is highly appreciated for its ease of use, user interface and quality of graphic output. Flow of the earth system, cause voltage gradients ground. Initially, they were used to quickly solve the nonlinear load flow problem and calculate short circuit currents, but their use has been extended to many other areas such as power system stability, protection and coordination, contingency reliability, economic modelling, etc. Optimal design of substation grounding grid based on genetic.
Optimal design of substation grounding grid based on. The cdegs software package current distribution, electromagnetic fields, grounding and soil structure analysis is a powerful set of integrated engineering software tools designed to accurately analyze problems involving groundingearthing, electromagnetic fields, electromagnetic interference including acdc interference mitigation studies and. High and medium voltage electricity ac substations. Easypower is partnering with the industryleading grounding and emi analysis expert company, sint ingegneria, which offers a software package to analyze and design grounding, lightning and electromagnetic interference problems by focusing on its powerful and yet affordable grounding analysis software packages, xgslab easypower is the exclusive representative. This choice includes an automatic grid design module. Gsa is an engineering software for earth grid calculations and design. Represents a new way to study large grounding systems. Typically, the site engineer or equipment manufacturers specify a resistancetoground number. Cymgrd is a software program specialized in the substation grounding mat design.
Also, i explained the fifth method of grounding design calculations. Grounding system analysis gsa is an engineering software for earth grid calculations and design including soil resistivity analysis. Sep 12, 2014 overview on etap capabilities in ground grid system design and analysis using ieee 80 standard and finite element method fem. The cross section of the buried cable should calculated in accordance with the value of the phasetoearth short. Calculation of maximum permissible touch and step voltages. Easypower is the exclusive representative of xgslab software in the usa and canada. September 910, 2020 dynamic structural rigid and flexible bus design in air insulated substations. Overview on etap capabilities in ground grid system design and analysis using ieee 80 standard and finite element method fem. Tragsys features complete gui design environment which is closely integrated with the calculation engine, providing full flexibility of the graphical design, 2d and 3d results display and various text output formats for maximal precision. It is the ideal material to use in areas of poor conductivity, such as rocky ground, mountain tops and sandy soil. High efficient multicore parallel calculation allows fast analysis of irregular large scale renewable applications. The cymgrd software is a substation grounding grid design and analysis. Software tool for grounding system design request pdf. I am trying to calculate this, but i do not have here any grounding software or any book with a calculation.
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